小编：初中英语重点词汇的整理 单 词 释 义 envisage v.想像，设想 2.正视，面临 tumour /tumor n.（肿)瘤，肿块 abdomen n．腹，下腹（胸部到腿部的部份） abound v．充满，富于 acclaim v.向欢笑，公认
初中英语重点词汇的整理
单 词 释 义
envisage v.想像，设想 2.正视，面临
tumour /tumor n.（肿)瘤，肿块
abdomen n．腹，下腹（胸部到腿部的部份）
abound v．充满，富于
acclaim v.向…欢笑，公认 n.欢笑，叫好，称赞
accord vt.使一致,交出
accountant n.会计,会计师
addict vt.使沉湎,使上瘾 n.上瘾者
adore v.崇拜,酷爱?
advent n.揭示，降临
adverse a.不利的,仇视的,相反的
affluentadj.宽松的
air-conditioning n.空调
airport n.机场,航空站
aisle n.走廊,过道
album n.集邮本,照相簿,唱片
amiableadj.友善的，亲密的
amid prep. 在中
anecdote n.轶事，花絮
anguish n.苦恼；苦恼
antique a.古代的 n.古董
appal vt. 使惊骇,使惊恐,使吓坏
approximate a.类似的 vt.类似
arrogantadj.高傲的,自大的?
artery n.动脉,要道
aspire v.有雄心；立志
assassinate v.暗杀
asset n. 资产,有用的东西
auction n.拍卖?
audio adj. 音频的,声频的,声响的
audit n.
auditorium n.观众席
authentic a.的确的,可靠的,信任的
autonomy n.自治
awe n.顾虑
bait n.饵
balcony n. 阳台,包厢,楼厅
ballet n.芭蕾舞,舞剧
ballot n.选票
barbecue n.烤肉，野餐
barren a.贫瘠的,不妊的
beginning n.初步,初步,根源
belly n.腹部,胃
benign adj.和蔼的；暖和的
beverage n.饮料
bibliography n.参考书目
bin n.箱
bizarre a.奇特的
blackmail vt.讹诈
blouse n. 宽松的上衣
blueprint n. 蓝图,设计图,计划 vt. 制成蓝图,计划
blur n.隐约的事物?v.使…隐约 ?
boost vt.n.推进,救助,吹嘘
bowel n.肠 a.内部
breach v.趴窝,泄密 n.裂口?
briefcase n.公文包
browse n.
bruise n.青肿,伤痕,擦伤
bully v.欺压,威协?
bureaucracy n.官僚主义,官僚机构
burglar n.盗贼
cab n.出租马车,出租汽车
calcium n.钙?
calorie n.卡路里
cape n.海角
carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物
cardinal adj.主要的；大约的
caress n.抚爱；抚摸
catastrophe n.反常的灾患
cater vi.投缘,投缘
celebrity n.名人
cemetery n.坟墓,公墓?
champagne n.香槟酒
chancellor n.总理；首相
chap v. （皮肤）变毛糙,皲裂?
Christ n.基督耶稣
clergy n.圣职者,牧师,僧侣,神职人员
click v. 宣告滴沥声
closet n.小房间,壁碗橱
coalition n.团结,团结?
cocaine n.可卡因
cognitive adj.认知的,认识的,有感知的
cohesive adj. 凝集的，凝集的?
comic n.风趣演员;adj.风趣的,喜剧的
composite a.混杂的 n.混杂物
concede vt. 确认,撤退 vi. 撤退
consecutive a.联贯的,一直一贯的
console v.宽慰,宽慰?
conspiracy n.奸计；谋反
constrain vt.压迫,牵强,驱使
construction n.收拾,收拾物
contaminate vt.弄脏,迫害,沾染
contemplate vt.凝视,沉思,计划
contradiction n.冲突,批驳
controversy n.吵架,答辩,辩论
cop n. 警官,巡警
copyright n. 版权,著作权?
correlate n.互相关联的事物
costume n.装束,服装
cosy a.暖和而舒坦的，闲适的
coupon n.息票,商家的款待券
courtyard n. 庭院,院子
credentials n.证明文件
curb n.克制,勒马绳 vt.克制,禁锢
cyberspace n.网控空间，赛百空间
damn vt.谴责；怪罪
database n.数据库
daytime n.白天，日间
dean n.院长,主办牧师,教长
deduct adj.可推论的
delegate n.代表,委员,特派员
delete vt..删掉,擦掉
denounce vt..谴责,声讨,揭发
dental adj. 牙齿的
dentist n.牙科医生
dilute vt.减弱,稀释 a.淡的,稀释的
discourse n.谈话；演说
discreet adj.言行端庄的,端庄的?
discrepancy n.相差,差别,离别
disposition n.性情,处置,料理,部署
disrupt vt.使破裂,使解体
dissipate vt.驱散,浪费 vi.消散
distill vt.蒸馏,提取
divert vt.使转向 vi.转移
dividend n.（股份的）红利?
divine a.神的,敬神的
dwarf n.侏儒,虚弱的植物
ebb v. 退潮、衰退?
eccentric n.怪人a.奇巧的
edible a.可食用的 n.食品,食物
ego n.自我
elapse vi.先前,消失
elderly a. 过了中年的,稍老的
eligible a.有资格的
embed vt.使插入,使嵌入
eminent adj.知名的；出色的
endow vt.赞助,赋予,赋予
entail vt.使必要,使担当
entity n.实体,实存物,存在
escalate v.填充；进展
escort n. 护送者,防守者,护航舰vt. 防守,护送
esteem n. 尊重,尊重 vt. 尊重,尊重,觉得
ethnic a.民族特有的
evade vt.躲避, 躲避
excel v.胜过
excerpt vt.摘录
exile vt.放逐 n.被放逐者
exotic a.异国的,外来的
exquisite a.精致的,光滑的,灵敏的
fabulous adj.难以信任的,寓言里的 ?
fairy n.仙女?
fake n.假货,膺品 a.假的
fantasy n. 空想,白天梦
feat n.功勋,壮举?
federation n.联邦,团结,联盟
fisherman n.渔民,渔夫
fore adj.前部的
format n. 款式 v. 款式化
formidable a.可怖的,难将就的
foster vt.哺育,哺育,栽培
foul a.龌龊的,丑陋的
fragile a.脆的,体质弱的
fraud n.骗子,哄骗,哄骗,奸计
fridge n. 电冰箱
fringe n.穗,毛边,边际
fume n.浓烟
futile a.无用的, 无效的
garlic n. 大蒜
gauge vt.量,测量 n.量器
gender n.性
genetic a.遗传的,根源的
giggle v.哈哈地笑
glamour n.魅力,魔力?
goods n.货物,商品
gorgeous a.瑰丽的,极好的
gown n.长袍,法衣,礼服,睡袍
graphic adj.图表的,生动的?
grim a.残酷无情的,苛刻的
grope vi.谋求,探讨
guideline n. 指点航线,方针,指标
guitar n. 吉他,六弦琴
gut n.肠子，内脏，肚子
guy n. 家伙,人
habitat n.栖身地，产地
harassment n.打扰
harsh a.苛刻的,刺耳的
heave vt.举起,抛
herb n.药草,香草
hierarchy n.等级法规,统治群体
hike vt.上升
hip n. 臀,蔷薇果,忧愁
homogeneous a.同类的,均匀的
hop v.单脚跳,跳跃
hound n.猎狗 v.不停打扰?
housing n. 供应住宅,住宅群
howl v.吠,呼啸,厉声哭?
huddle v.挤成一堆 n.一堆人（杂物）
hum v. 嗡嗡叫, 哼 n. 嗡嗡声, 吵杂声
humiliate v.使蒙羞, 使出丑
hurl vt.猛投 vi.猛冲
hurricane n.飓风
hypocrisy n.伪善
ideology n.意识形态,思想体系
idiot n.蠢笨的人,白痴?
ignorance n.无知,无学,愚蠢
illusion n.空想,错觉,设想
impart vt.交出,递送,告知
incentive n.动机 a.激发的
indulge vt.尽情于,豪纵
infect vt.沾染,沾染
inference n.推论
infrastructure n.根基构造
inhale vt.吸入
inhibit vt.禁止,克制
installment n.设施,装置,分期付款
instrumental a.仪器的,有救助的
intelligible a.可明白的,易明白的
interface n.分界面
interim a.当中的,暂时的,间歇的
Internet n.因特网
intimidate vt.威逼,吓唬,威逼
intrigue n.奸计 vi.密谋,耍奸计
intrinsic a.本色的,原有的,真实的
intrude v.入侵；闯入
invariable n. 不变的东西,常数 a. 不变的,不易的,常数的
inventory n.透彻目录,存货清单
inverse adj.倒置的
irony n.反话,讽剌,讽剌之事
irrigate vt.灌溉
irrigate vt.灌溉
isle n.小岛,岛
jeans n.牛仔裤
judicial adj.法庭的,法官的?
jug n.罐，壶
jungle n.丛林,密林
junk n.草芥,废旧货?
juvenile adj.少年的,似少年的?
kin n.家族、亲戚
kit n.用具包，成套工具；随身携带物
lapse n.失足
laptop n. 手提式一己电脑, 膝上型微电脑 [电子运算机]
lash n.鞭子vt.鞭打?
layman n.门外汉,外行
layoff n.暂时革除其间
lease vt.出租n.租约,租契
legacy n. 遗产，遗留之物?
legislation n.立法,法规
legitimate a.合法的vt.使合法
levy vt.征税,征兵n.征收
linear a.线性的
linguistic a.语言学的
literacy n.有文化,识字
lofty a.突起的;神圣的;高傲的
loom n.织布机vi.隐约揭示?
lottery n.彩票
lure n.诱导?
magistrate n.地方官
maiden adj.首次的；初次的
majesty n.威严；陛下
malignant adj.阴险的；恶意的
mammal n.哺乳动物
manoeuvre /maneuver n. 调遣,演习,谋略vi. 调动,演习,用谋略vt. 调动,克制
marital adj.婚姻的
masculine a.男性的；壮实的
massacre n.大杀害
medieval a.中世纪的
meditate v.斟酌
meditation n.静思
melody n.旋律,歌曲
memo n.备忘录
menace vt.威逼n.威逼
merely ad.仅仅,只不过
merge vt.使归并
metaphor n.暗喻
metropolitan a.大都市的
militant a.好战的，急进的
millionaire n. 百万富翁
missionary n.传教士
mob n.暴徒,乌合之众
module n.模块;登月舱
momentum n.动力；要素
monarch n.君主
motivate vt.激发,激发
mould /mold n. 模子,模制品,绵软沃土,霉vt. 构成,浇铸,用泥土遮盖vi. 发霉
mug n. 大杯子?
mute a.静默的;哑的
napkin n.餐巾,餐巾纸;尿布
narrative a.讲述性的n.讲述；故事
necklace n.项链
nightmare n.噩梦；可怖的事物
nineteen num.十九
norm n.准绳,准绳
numerical a.数字的
nurture vt.哺育n.营养品
obsession n.缠住，被打扰；思想执拗，死头脑
obstruct vt.阻隔；阻挡
opt vi.挑选，抉择
opt vi.挑选，抉择
optimum a.最佳的,最适合的n.最适合
optimum a.最佳的,最适合的n.最适合
option n.抉择
option n.抉择
orientation n.方位,方向
outing n.度假；远足
outrage n.凶猛,暴行?
oval a.椭圆形的n.椭圆形
overturn n.倾覆，颠覆
oxide n.氧化物
ozone n.臭氧
pact n.协定,条约?
panorama n.全景
pants n.长裤
paperback n.平装本
passerby n.过路人
pathetic a.怜的
patrol n.巡查
patron n.互助人
pedestrian n.行人
peer vi.凝望
permeate vt.迷漫,渗透
persevere v.毫不松懈
pharmacy n.药房,药剂学
physiology n.生理学
pilgrim n.朝圣客,香客?
plea n.哀求,哀求
plight n.态势
plumber n.水管工
poke vt.戳,刺
polar a.极地的
ponder vi.斟酌,沉思
portray vt.绘制,描述
poster n.海报
posture n.姿势
practitioner n.从业者（医生、律师）
precedent n.先例?a.在前的
preclude vt.提防,禁止
predecessor n.前人,前任
pregnant a.怀孕的;含义深刻的
premise n.前提vt.万一
premium n.奖金,保险费
prestige n.威信,威信
privacy n.隐私,机密
prone a.易于的
propaganda n.张扬
propel vt.推进,推进
prophet n.预言家
prose n.散文
prosecute vt.揭发,起诉
prosper v.鼎盛；鼎盛
prosperity n.繁华,鼎盛
prototype n.典范,典范
prudent a.端庄的
pub n.酒馆,客栈
quest vt.寻找vi.谋求
questionnaire n.问卷
quota n.限额,定额
radiant a.发光的；神采飘荡的
rap vt.轻拍；苛刻斥责?n.轻拍；斥责
rape vt.强奸n.强奸
rash a.任性的;匆匆的
reassure vt.使省心?
recede v.退后
recipient n.领受者,接收者
reckless a.任性的；不顾风险的
rectangle n.长方形
recur vi.复发,重现
recycle vt.重复应用
redundant a.冗杂的
refrain vi.克制
refugee n.难民
refund vt.退还,偿还
relish n.个性;酷爱；食欲
remnant n.遗留部分a.节余的, 遗留的
renaissance n.文艺复苏
repertoire n.保存剧目
repression n.镇压;克制
restore vt.恢复,退还;修补，重建
retention n.保存,保持
retort vi.还击,批驳
retrieve vt.取回,拯救;检索
retrospect n.回忆；追溯
revelation n.揭发,揭露;表露，揭示
rigorous a.苛刻的；彻底的
riot n.骚动,暴乱
rip vi.扯破,划破
ritual n.仪式a.仪式的
robust a.强劲的;粗暴的
salvation n.拯救?
sanction n.国际制裁
sane adj. 神志明白的，明智的?
sarcastic a.耻笑的
saturate vt.使饱和；使湿透
scandal n.丑闻
scramble vt.登攀;夺获?
script n.手稿
scrutiny n.细看,细密考验;盯梢
sculpture n.雕琢,雕像
sector n.扇形；部门
seemingly ad.外表上
segregate a.离别的vt.使离别
selfish a.自私的,利己的
serial a.一系列的；分期发表的n.连载小说
setback n.挫折,失败
shabby a.褴褛的,破烂的
sham vt.假装
shatter vt.粉碎,趴窝
shorthand n.速写
shove vi.推挤,猛推n.推，推开?
shrug vt.vi.耸肩
shuttle n.梭;往返的车vi.穿梭往返
siege n.包抄,围攻?
sip vt.啜饮n.啜
skeptical a.可疑的,多疑的
skim vi.浏览，略读vt.掠过,擦过;略读
skip vi.跳;跳绳;略过
skull n.头盖骨,脑壳?
slam vt.使劲关,砰地放下
slaughter vt.杀害,屠宰n.杀害
slogan n.标语,口号
slot n.缝,狭槽
sneak vt.鬼头鬼脑,偷窃?
sneeze n.喷嚏 v.打喷嚏
sniff vt.闻，嗅n.嗤之以鼻；嗅
soar vi.猛增;翱翔
sociable a.友好的，嗜好社交的
sofa n. 沙发
solidarity n.团结
solitary n.独居者a.孤寂的
solo n.独唱,独奏;独唱曲
sovereign n.君主a.统治的
spacious a.广袤的,宽敞的
specialist n.专家
spectrum n.系列,范围;光谱
spicy a. 香的,多香料的,辛辣的,下流的
spine n.脊骨
spiral a.螺旋的,徘徊的
sponsor n.动员者vt.动员
spouse n.配偶,夫妻
sprout v.发芽；成长
stagger vi.蹒跚vt.使摇荡
stalk vt.隐伏盯梢?
staple n. 主要产品?
statute n.法规，法规
steak n. 肉排,牛排
stereotype n.陈腔滥调,老套
stiff a.硬的；局促的
strenuous a.费力的
strife n.冲突；冲突
stroll vi.漫步,观赏n.漫步?
stun vt.使昏厥;使发呆?n.晕眩
subsidy n.补助金,津贴
suffice vi.足够；有实力
suite n.套房
summit n.峰巅；最高级会议
superstition n.迷信
surge n.陡增vt.陡增;澎湃,澎湃
susceptible a.易受波及的;敏感的
tangle vt.使缠结,使缠扰n.缠扰；口角
temperament n.气质，性情
texture n.质地,纹路
thigh n. 大腿,股
thrift n. 节约,繁华
toll n.开支
torment vt.使苦楚 n.苦楚, 折磨
torture n.拷问,折磨vt.拷打
toxic a.有毒的;中毒的?
transcend vt.超越,胜过
trash n.草芥,草芥?
tribe n.部落,宗族
trigger n.扳机vt.引发,引起
tropic n.热带
underlie vt.位于…之下
vein n.静脉,血管
visa n.签证;信誉卡
vocal a.有声的
vulgar a.粗疏的,粗疏的
vulnerable a.弱小的
wardrobe n.衣橱?
weld vt.焊接n.焊接,熔接
whale n.鲸
whatsoever pron.无论什么
wink v.眨眼
witch n. 巫婆,女巫 vt. 施巫术,可疑
witch n.巫婆
wizard n. 男巫,术士,鬼才a. 男巫的,巫术的,有魔力的n. 导游
youngster n.儿童,少年
zip n.拉链
zoom n.飞速上升
初中英语短语归纳
advise
advice sb to do sth 创议某人（别）做某事
advise doing sth 创议某事
advice
give sb some advice 给某人一些创议
ask for adcice 征求意见
take\follow one’s advice 顺从；领受某人的意见
agree
agree on 达成共识；就～获取一致意见
agree to 赞同（后面接plan、request、suggestion、proposal等
agree with sb\sb’s idea\what sb say 赞同某人的意见
agree to do sth 赞同做某事
all
first of all 首先
at all 大约；究竟
not ～ at all 大约不～
all along自始自终
in all 总共
above all 首先；最主要的是
after all 终归；别忘了
for all 尽管
all at once 陡然
once and for all 最后顺次
all by oneself 单独
all over 遍地；完结
all but 近乎；差不多
all out 鼓足干劲
all over again 重新再来；再来顺次
all over the world\the country 遍及全世界\全国
all right 不错；身体好；好的
all kinds of 形形色色的
all the same 依旧
all the time = all the way 一直
all day\night 整天\夜
all around 遍地；遍地；在～周围
all of～ 所有的～
all one’s life 一生；一辈子
add
add～to～ 把～加到～上
add to 填充；填充
add up 加起来
add up to 总计；共达～
ask
ask for sb 要求见某人
ask for sth 哀求;要～
ask sb for sth 向某人要～
ask sb to do sth 叫某人（别）做某事
ask for trouble 自找繁琐
ask after 问候
ask sb for help 向某人求援
ask for leave 告假
ask sb to～ 邀请某人去～
ask about～ （ 向某人）询问～
as
as if = as though 好像
as～as～ 像；好像
as to = as for 至于
as well 也；又
as well as～ 也；和
not as\so～as～ 不像；不如
ahead
ahead of 在～前面；比～早；胜过；超越
ahead of time 提前
go ahead 向前；有进展；说下去
anxious
be anxious about sb\sth 为～而担心
be anxious for sth 渴盼获取～
be anxious to do sth 渴盼做某事
break
break into～ 闯入；破门而入
break in 插话；打断言语
break up 分解
break out 爆发；陡然缔造
break away 解脱；打破
break down 出缺陷；不运转；抛锚
break the record 打破记述
break off 打断；折断
break the rude 违抗规定
break through 打破
break a promise 背信；背信
have a break 歇息一下
breath
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
take breath 歇一歇；喘口气
take a breath （深）呼吸
catch one’s breath 歇口气；歇息一下
out of breath 上气不接下气
bring
bring down 使～倒下\降下
bring out 使表露；说明；出版
bring up 带大；栽培；呕吐
bring to = bring ～ around 使恢复知觉
bring back 退还；使回忆起来
bring in 引进
bring on 使～向前
back
put one’s back into ～ 埋头工作；卖劲干
when someone’s back is turned 趁某人没留神
back away 退出
back out 摈弃；收回；停止
back and forth 往返；往返
at the back of～ 在～后部\背地
back down\off 摈弃；撤退；撤退
burn
burn up 烧尽；耗尽
burn out 烧坏
burn down 销毁
burn ～ to the ground 把～烧成平地
better
better off 状况较好
had better 优良还是
for the better 转机
come
come ture 达到
come to bits 摔碎；碎裂
come to a conclusion 得出结论
come into being 构成；揭示
come off 脱落；掉下
come on 降临；加油；跟上
come back 归来；折回；想起来
come in\into 进来
come for sth 来取～
come up 上来
come across 偶尔遇见
come through 经验；达到
come to 复苏；抵达；共计；复苏；等于
come around\round 来访；复苏；恢复
come over 降临
come about 缔造
come apart （身体、精力上）解体
come from 来自（于）；出生（于）
come to nothing 失败；无后果
to come 未来的；未降临的
come down 下来
come to light 揭示；揭露
come out 出版；出来；开花
care
care for 在意；酷爱
take care 端庄
care about 在意；关注
care to do sth 愿意做某事
take care of～ 照看；保管
with care 细密地；细密地
call
call at + 地点 拜会某地
call on + 人 拜会某人
call up 打电话给～；招呼；想起；回忆起；应征
call for 要求；哀求；为～而喊出
call in 请来；引入；召集；叫医生
call back 回电话
call off\away 转移开（留神力等）
call on\upon sb to do sth 号令某人做某事
give sb a call 打电话给某人
call off 撤销；摈弃
call out 厉声呐喊
certain
be certain of\abou 对～有把握
be certain to do 有把握做某事
It’s certain that～ 必须会～
make certain 弄明白
a certain ～ 某个～
chance
take one’s chance 应用机遇
by chance 偶尔
take a\the chance 碰运气
chance to do sth 巧合做某事
charge
charge sb some money for sth 向某人要价多少钱
free of charge 免费
in charge of 尽职
in the charge of 被尽职
take charge of 尽职～
put sth in one’s charge 把～交给某人尽职
put the charge on ～ 把～（开支）记在～的账上
day
by day 日间;白天里
day after day 日复一日地
day and night 日日夜夜
one day 有一天;某日
the day after tomorrow 后天
the day before yesterday 前天
the other day 前几天
another day 改天
day in\out 天天
die
die by 死于
die from 死于
die of 死于
die out 幻灭;灭亡
die for 为～而死
die away 逐渐消失;平定
difficulty
have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难
have difficulty with sth 做某事有困难
without difficulty 毫不费力地
with difficulty 费力地;困难地
do sth with\without difficulty 做某事有\无困难
in difficulties 处境困难
doubt
in doubt 可疑
without doubt 毫无疑问
beyond doubt 毫无疑问
hang a doubt 悬而未决
no doubt 无疑问
dress
dress up 给～穿上优良的衣服;给～乔装打扮
get dressed 穿衣
be dressed in + 衣 穿～
be well dressed 穿着讲究
dress sb 给～穿衣
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
end
at the end of 在～的终点
to the end of 到～的终点
by the end of 在～完结时;到～末为止
end up
in the end 最后;终于
make both ends meet 收支均匀
put an end to sth 完结～
at an end 完结;完结
come to an end 停止;完结
effort
make efforts\an effort to do sth 努力做～
spare no effort 竭尽全力
in a common effort 共同努力
escape
make one’s escape 窜逃；解脱；躲避
escape from sth 从～逃脱
escape doing sth 逃脱做～
have a narrow escape 九死一生
escape one’s lips 冲口而出
escape one’s memory 忘怀
example
for example 示例说明；例如
set an example to sb = set sb an example 为～而创建标兵
follow one’s example 学习某人的标兵
one example of ～ 一个～的例子
take ～ for example 以～为例
ever
ever since 未来一直
ever so 极端
ever such a\an ～ 一个极端～的
for ever 持久
ever than 开天辟地的
even
even though = even if 即使；纵然
be even （报复、算帐等）两清
get even 报复；算帐
eye
catch one’s eye 引人注目
cry one’s eyes out 声泪俱下
in someone’s eyes 在某人眼里；在某人心目中
keep an eye on 照看；亲密关注
see eye to eye 与～见解符合
set eyes on 看到；见到
turn a blind eye to 装做没目睹
effect
have an effect on 对～有波及
in effect 的确
put into effect 厉行；见效
free
be free to do sth 自由轻松做某事
be free of charge 免费
free and easy自由疏散
set free 开释
be free from\of ～ 免受～；无～
be free to ～ 对～免费供给
free from 不曾；解脱
free with 大方的；不小气的
for free 免费
in one’s free time 在某人的闲暇日期
Free on board 离岸价
fact
give in 投诚；撤退；投诚
give lessons to 给～上课
give off 宣告（蒸汽、光等）
give out 分发；用完；耗尽；身心交瘁；宣告（气息、日等）
give up 摈弃
good
be good at 擅长于
be good for sb 对某人有实惠
be good to sb 对某人好
a good many 许多
do good 做好事
for good 永远地
hand
hand in 缴交
hand out 分发
hand sth to sb 把某物递送给某人
hand over 移交
hand down 把～传下来
hand in hand 手牵手；并进；团结
hand to hand 短兵相接
shake one’s hand = shake hands with sb 与某人握手
give sb a big hand 救助某人
by hand 手工；用手
from hand to hand 从一人手中传到某人手中
in hand 手头上有
in one’s hand 在某人手里
on the one hand ,on the other hand 一方面～，另一方面～
at hand = on hand 在手边；逼近；在邻近；即刻降临
change hands 易手；转手
get out of hand 难以克制；撒野
hand on 传下来；顺次递送
hand up 举手
give\have one’s hands full 很忙；手头工作满满的
in good hands 照看得好
lay hands on 获取；找到
off one’s hand 不再尽职；脱手
wait on someone hand and foot 尽心服侍
head
hang one’s head （由于惭愧）垂下头
go to one’s head = turn one’s head 冲昏头脑；使人过于亢奋
keep one’s head 保持沉稳
lose one’s head 感情激动；错过理智；惘然失措
put heads together 商榷；交流见解
use one’s head 动头脑
head for 向～走去
head on 迎头
heart
learn\know ～ by heart 记住～
at heart 在内心；性质上
lose heart （对～）错过决计；欢笑
lose one’s heart to sb 爱上～
heart and soul 潜心全意
break one’s heart 使某人伤心
cry one’s heart out 大哭
have a change of heart 变换见解
have one’s heart in one’s mouth 极端惊诧；胆寒
have one’s heart set on 热衷与
take heart to do sth 鼓起勇气做某事
with s heavy heart 心境繁重
help
help out 救助胜利困难；救助从～里面出来
help sb with sth 救助某人做某事
help sb do sth 救助某人做某事
help oneself to 任性吃、喝等：自取
invite
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
invite sb to + 地 邀请某人去～
interest
be interested in ～ 对～有兴致
a place of interest 名胜
take an interest in ～ 关注；对～有兴致
have an interest in ～ 在～上有兴致
in
be in for sth 即刻经受（由指不愉快的事）
in and out 进进出出
have it in for 挟嫌；报复；整人
if
if only 但愿；要是～就好了；只要
join
join up 联结起来
join in 插手
join sb in sth 和某人同时
join the army 入伍
join ～ to ～ 把～联结到～上
job
odd jobs 零活；杂务
be out of a job 失业
make a good job of sth 把某事做好
a good job 幸运事
joke
play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑
joke with sb about sth 就～与某人开玩笑
have a joke with sb about sth 就～与某人开玩笑
in joke 闹着玩的
tell a joke 讲个耻笑
It’s a joke 说着玩的
no joke 不是闹着玩的
make jokes\a joke about sb\sth 开某人\某事的玩笑
a pratical joke 恶作剧
just
the just man 正派的人
keep
keep on doing sth 继续做某事；重复做某事
keep doing sth 继续不停地做某事
keep back 禁止；流下
keep fit 保持康健
keep off 让开；不逼近
keep ～ in mind 记住；想着
keep ～ out ～ 不让～进去；使～在外
keep up with 跟上
keep up 保持；续
keep one’s promise 遵行诺言
kep in touch with sb 与某人保持关系
keep ～ away from 使～远离
keep sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
keep at 保持做
keep down 克制；克制；放低（声响）
for keeps 持久
keep sb at sth 使某人继续做某事
keep sb in 留下；把（学生）关学
keep sth to oneself 保密
keep up with 跟上
knock
knock at\on 敲（门、窗）
knock down 撞倒
knock into sb 撞到某人身上
knock out of 从～中敲出来
knock sb about 连接报复；粗暴看待
knock off 下班；收工
knock sb out 把某人打昏先前
know
know sb to be 获悉某人是～
know of 获悉（间接）
be known for 因～而知名
be known of 为～而熟悉
make oneself known 自我举荐
look
look at 看；察看
look after 照看；照看
look around\round 遍地看看
look back 回头看；回忆
look down on\upon 看不起；轻蔑
look for 寻找
look forward to 巴望（做）
look on sb as～ 把某人当作～看待
look out 端庄；端庄
look over 审阅；考验
look through 翻阅；浏览
look up 查询；向上看
look sb up and down 上下端量某人
take\have a look 看一看
long
long ago 久久先前
long before 久久
before long 不久
no longer = not ～ any longer 不再
as long as 假使；只要
long after 在～后久久
long for 极想获取
long to 极想做
make
be made of 由～制成（成品可见原资料）
be made in 在～制造的
be made from 由～制成（成品不可见原资料）
be made into 被制成～
make use of 应用
make fun of 耻笑
make up one’s mind 下决计（做某事）
make a plan for 为～做计划
make out 弄明白
make it 胜利
make sure = make certain 弄的确
make one’s way to （困难）行进
make do with 凑合着用
make for 走向；向～向前
make off 窜逃；匆匆离开
make up 捏造；捏造；谐和；和解；打扮；打扮
measure
take measures to do sth 采纳窍门做某事
make ～ to one’s own measure 依照某人的尺寸做～
measure sth against sb 用～去比身材
measure sb for sth 量体裁衣
next
next door 在隔壁
next year 明年
the next year 第二年
next to nothing 极少；近乎不曾
next to 在～的旁边
name
call someone names 谩骂；骂人
make a name for oneself 成名
order
in order 按（准确的）次序
out of order 出了缺陷；缔造事端
keep order 保持次序
in order to\that 为了；以便
on order 已经定购的
place an order for sth with sb 向某人定购某物
order sb to do sth 号令某人做某事
own
get one’s own back on 报仇；报复
of one’s own 属于某人自己的
on one’s own 单独地
own up to 确认差错；坦白
pay
pay a visist to 拜会～
pay back 偿还（借款等）
pay for sth 付钱；支付；交出代价
pay off 还清（债务）
pay the bill 付帐
pay down 事先支付
put
put away 放好；把～收起来
put up 挂起；举起；；投宿；料理在～住下
put on 穿；戴上；上演
put off 拖延；推后；逾期
put into 输入；使进去
put down 记下；平定；把～记下来
put sth down 把某物放下来
put down your hands 把手放下
put out 扑灭；关熄
put across 交流
put side 放在一边；留下
put sth right 检修；扭转
put up with 忍耐；忍耐
quarrel
quarrel with sb about sth 与某人为某事而辩论
have a quarrel with sb over sth 与某人为某事而辩论
question
put a question\questions to sb 向某人提问
in question 谈论中的
out of question 不或许的；办不到的
remember
remember to do sth 记住要去做某事
remember doing sth 记住已经做过某事
remember A to B 替A向B问好
remember sth as ～ 把某物作为～来铭记
run
run dry 枯竭
run across = run into 偶尔遇见
run after 追捕;盯梢
run away with sb\sth 带人私奔\携物窜逃
run sb down 把某人撞倒
run over 辗转
in the long run 最后;后果;终归
run out 用完;耗尽
run wild 胡闹;撒野
run off 赶走
run for 竞选
run in 拜会
run at 陡然进攻
run into 跑进;撞倒
set
set up 缔造;创建;竖立
set sail 启航
set out for ～ 上路到～
set off for ～ 上路到～
a set of 一套
be set in～ 以～为背景
set the table 摆餐具
set about doing sth 入手做某事
set a bone 接骨
serve
serve as sth 充当～
serve sb with sth 端上饭菜
be at one’s service 随时救助某人
service first 效力第一
Servive the People 效力人民
serve the army 在人马入伍
take
take care 端庄
take care of ～ 照看～
take up 占据
take in 吸收
take sth out of ～ 把某物从～中取出
take off 脱掉;起飞
take it easy 端庄
take along 随身携带
take one’s time 慢慢来
take away 拿走
take trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦做某事
take down\out 记下;取下;取出
take food\medicine 吃食物\药
take sides 站在～一边
take sb back to 使某人回忆起
take sth as one’s own 把～占为己有
take afte 像
take sth apart 拆除
take sth for 错觉得;觉得
take sth on 领受;应承
take sth over 接手:接管
take to sth 初步;染上;委身于
take to someone 初步爱上某人
take a road\path 走路
time
from time to time 偶尔;常常
time and time again 多次;不停地
at a time 顺次;每次
at one time 先前;已经
for the time being 暂时
in time 即时
on time 准时
in no time 即刻
in good time 即时
tell the time 会看钟表
kill time 消磨日期
at the same time 同时
have a good time 完得很愉快;过得愉快
at times 有时
in modern times 现代;近代
in course of time 最后
serve the time 人云亦云
keep time 走得准
use
go out of use 抛弃;不再被应用
have the use of 有权应用
of no use 没用;无效
use up 用完;耗尽
It is no use doing sth 做某事不曾用
be used to do sth 被用来做某事
be used for sth 被用于～
be\get used to doing sth 习性做某事
used to do sth 先前总是做某事
be used as ～ 被当作～来应用
up
do up 扣;收拾;打扮
up and down 上上下下
view
come into view 望得见;进去视野
in view 在看得见的地方
on view 展览着; 上映中
in view of 鉴于;斟酌到;由于
in one’s view 就某人的见解
voice
at the top of one’s voice 高声地;使劲地
in a low voice 低声地
word
get in a word 插话
have a word with sb 和某人说句话
have words with sb 与某人缔造口角
in a word 归根结底
in another word = in other words 换句话说
keep one’s word = be as good as one’s word =be ture to one’s word信守诺言
will not hear a word against 不允许某人说某人的坏话
take someone at his word 信任某人的话;听信某人
way
in the way 挡道
in a way 规模
on the way 在半道上
on one’s way to 往～去的路上
by the way 顺便说
way of life 生活形式
feel one’s way 谋求着向前
find one’s way 念头抵达
force one’s way in 破门而入;闯入
give way 投诚;撤退;趴架;趴架;让道;让开
go a long way 大有作用
a good way 很远;颇有一段路
lead\show the way to 引路;引路
lose one’s way 迷路;迷失
the wrong way round 方向不对地
in the way of 以～办法
work
at work 在工作
out of work 失业
work hard at 努力学习
work out 算出;处理
get to work 初步工作
will
good\ill will 好心\恶意
of one’s own free will 出于愿意;心愿意意
year
all the year round 一年到头
year in year out 年复一年;一直不停地
year by year 一年又一年
year after year 年复一年
youth
in one’s youth 在某人青年时代
Laziness in youth spells regret in old age.少壮不必功,老大徒伤悲.
初中英语知识点总结
平凡当前时的用法
1) 常常性或习性性的动作，常与表示频腮度的日期状语连用。
日期状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理，客观存在，在理原形。
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示警句或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
留神:此用法假使出当前宾语从句中，即使主句是先前时，从句谓语也要用平凡当前时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 当前时刻的态势、实力、性情、个性。
I don’t want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比拟:Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用平凡当前时，用于把持演示或指点说明的示范性动作，表示言行的刹那动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标记，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用平凡当前时。
2.平凡先前时的用法
1)在评判的先前日期里所缔造的动作或存在的态势。
日期状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在先前一段日期内，常常性或习性性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型:
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……日期了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "日期已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁肯某人做某事’
I’d rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用先前时，作试探性的询问、哀求、初中英语整理：初中英语重点词汇的整理创议等。
I thought you might have some. 我觉得你想要一些。
比拟:
平凡先前时表示的动作或态势都已成为先前，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
留神: 用先前时表示当前，表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
3. used to / be used to
used to + do:"先前常常"表示先前习性性的动作或态势，但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk.
be used to + doing: 对……已感到习性，或"习性于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk.
典典范题
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It’s 69568442.
A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t
答案A. 本句虽不曾评判的日期状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候不曾听懂这个动作缔造在先前，所以使用先前时。
4. 平凡未来时
1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所轮换。
will 在陈述句管用于各人称，在争求意见常常用于第二人称。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示未来。
a. 主语的志愿，即刻做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划，料理要缔造的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有形迹要缔造的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表未来，按计划或正式料理将缔造的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意为即刻做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
留神:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示评判未来时的日期状语连用。
5. be going to / will
用于条件句时， be going to 表未来
will 表意愿
If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it a s soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
6. be to和be going to
be to 表示客观料理或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主观的计划或计划。
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.
I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon.
7. 平凡当前时表未来
1)下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的平凡当前时表未来。这主要用来表示在日期上已评判或料理好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.
2)倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3)在日期或条件句中。
When Bill comes , ask him to wait for me.
I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
11. 用于当前完结时的句型
1)It is the first / second time…. that…构造中的从句部分，用当前完结时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is the… that…构造，that 从句要用当前完结时.
This is the best film that I’ve seen.
这是我看过的优良的电影。
This is the first time I’ve heard him sing. 这是我第顺次听他唱歌。
典典范题
---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为当前完结时，故选B。
---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it’s the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为已经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完结时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完结时。
留神:非继续性动词的抵赖形式能够与表示继续日期的状语连用。即动作不缔造的态势是能够继续的。
I have received his letter for a month.
I haven’t received his letter for almost a month.
12. 比拟since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始日期，for用来说明动作继续日期长度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
留神:并非有for 作为日期状语的句子都用当前完结时。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
I have worked here for many years.
小门道: 当当前完结时+一段日期，这一构造中，我们用下面的公式转变，很简捷就能取消非继续动词在完结时中的误使。
1) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
13. since的四种用法
1) since +先前一个日期点 。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段日期+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段日期+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
被动语态的几门类型
1)主语句中有一个宾语的被动语态，如:
He saw her in the shop yesterday.
She was seen in the shop yesterday.
2) 主语有两个宾语的被动语态
Li Lei gave me a chemistry book.
I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.
A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.
3)主动句中含宾语补足语的句子的被动语态
若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为
感官动词:feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom .
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
若宾语补足语是带to的不定式，那么被动语态仍保存to:
Mother told me not to be late
I was told not to be late by mother.
5)情态动词+ be +先前分词，构成被动语态。
Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.
6)表示"据说"或"信任" 的词组
believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that… 据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that… 大家信任
It is hoped that… 大家巴望
It is well known that… 家喻户晓
It is thought that… 大家觉得
It is suggested that… 据创议
It is taken granted that… 被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家定夺
It must be remember that…必须记住的是
It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.
14. 继续动词与刹那动词
1) 用于完结时的差别
继续动词表示经验、经验; 刹那动词表示行动的结 果，不能与表示段的日期状语连用。
He has completed the work. 他已完结了那项工作。
I’ve known him since then. 我从当初起就认识他了。
2) 用于till / until从句的差别
继续动词用于评判句，表示"做……直到……" 刹那动词用于抵赖句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn’t come back until ten o’clock.
他到10 点才归来。
He slept until ten o’clock.
他一直睡到10点。
典典范题
1. You don’t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句着重对当前的波及，我获悉她的相貌，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为重复缔造的动作，所以用当前完结时。
2.---I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 期待的动作由先前初步，继续到当前，使用现
. 不定式作宾语
1) 动词+ 不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
示例:
The driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能即时目睹另一辆车。
I happen to know the answer to your question.
我巧合获悉你那道问题的答案。
2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
I like to keep everything tidy. 我酷爱每件东西都保持干净。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我酷爱你年使每件东西都保持干净。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3) 动词+疑问词+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这样多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
留神:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。
The question is how to put it into practice.
问题是怎样把它付诸施行。
2. 不定式作补语
1) 动词+宾语+不定式
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句:
a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b. We believe him to be guilty.
我们信任他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法:
Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。
I found him lying on the ground.
I found it important to learn.
I found that to learn English is important.
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初中英语语法整理全面带例子
语法是用词造句的规律。诗词是语言的艺术，在用词造句中，大方要遵守语法的平惯例律，但诗词又是一种特殊的文体，它因受到自身格律的局限，比方字数、平仄、对仗、押韵等方面的局限，所以在语法上又有其自身的个性，例如语序、句式、词类、省略、错置等等。
这些又与平凡的散文文体有着显然的个性和差别。所以，给大家举荐一下诗词的语法个性，还是有必须的含义的。一是便于大家阅读、欣赏和明白古典诗词著作，二是也便于大家的诗词写作。
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